文學的影響:
我來摘錄一段 齊邦媛老師的話
齊老師教書,他統計,大學生很喜歡 葉慈、 艾略特及哈代 和郝斯曼。他說人到了某種人生階段,有些經歷就會產生某種難以言喻的心境,這種難以言喻的心境卻被某些詩句挑明點化開來,於是學生自然而然便喜歡上那些讓他心有戚戚焉的作品或詩人。研究所學生更妙,幾乎有十一二年票選第一名的都是蘇俄 契訶夫的 「Misery」。這篇小說 講一個駕馬車的老頭,獨子死了。大雪紛飛冬夜到戲院門口載客。
上車的客人都急著要他趕路他卻 嘟噥訴說兒子的死亡。於是 客人就產生了 六七種不同的反應,大多數要他閉嘴。快趕路。甚至有人用 皮靴踢他 罵他糟老頭。只有一兩個表示關心 問了情況,不過 仍很快忘了有這回事。
人總是健忘,尤其對別人的事。
故事不花俏,研究生會重視 是因為這小小說說的是 內心世界。呈現了心境。
老車夫在大雪中 送完客人 最後回到他簡陋的房子,牽著 馬匹入馬廄 他說:
「這世界上,只有你聽到我的話之後,還有一點同情的樣子。」
契科夫用他悲憫的眼睛來看別人對他人悲傷的反應。
另一首年年入選的詩,是弗洛斯特( R Frost ) 的 “ The Road Not Taken”。他說:
我曾面臨兩條路,兩條路長得一個樣子,路旁都有豐美的草,我實在不知該走哪一條路,最後,我走了人煙比較稀少的那條路,以為哪天可以再回頭看看另一條路,誰知道我一直走下去,road leads to roads,我再也沒有回頭的機會,就這麼走了一生。這首詩似乎反映了年輕人立定志向時內心所產生的戰慄: 立志前不知該選哪條路,立志後又恐怕選錯了路。這思索中就有情操有境界。( 摘自霧漸漸散的時候 九歌文庫 507 P120--121 )
備註:
The Road Not Taken by ROBERT FROST
Two roads diverged in a yellow wood,
And sorry I could not travel both
And be one traveler, long I stood
And looked down one as far as I could
To where it bent in the undergrowth;
Then took the other, as just as fair,
And having perhaps the better claim,
Because it was grassy and wanted wear;
Though as for that the passing there
Had worn them really about the same,
And both that morning equally lay
In leaves no step had trodden black.
Oh, I kept the first for another day!
Yet knowing how way leads on to way,
I doubted if I should ever come back.
I shall be telling this with a sigh
Somewhere ages and ages hence:
Two roads diverged in a wood, and I—
I took the one less traveled by,
And that has made all the difference.
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